Understanding Parvo and Its Treatments

Introduction

Canine parvovirus, commonly known as parvo, is a highly contagious viral disease that can have severe effects on our beloved pets¹. It’s important for pet owners to understand the symptoms, treatments, and preventative measures associated with this disease.

What is Parvo?

Parvo in puppies is caused by the canine parvovirus¹. This virus is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact with an infected dog or by indirect contact with a contaminated object¹. Your puppy is exposed to the parvovirus every time he sniffs, licks, or consumes infected feces¹.

Symptoms of Parvo

The symptoms of parvovirus infection in children include a rash on the face that can spread to the arms, trunk, thighs, and buttocks, fever, upset stomach, headache, and runny nose². In adults, the symptoms include soreness of the joints mainly on the hands, wrists, knees, and ankles².

Diagnosis of Parvo

Diagnosis aims at confirming the presence of the virus either by testing for antigen or for the antibodies². Some of the tests used for diagnosis include Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Hemagglutination assay, Electron microscopy, and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)².

Treatment of Parvo

Treatment for parvo is primarily supportive care³. This often involves hospitalization and intensive nursing care³. General treatment involves intravenous fluids to rehydrate, antibiotics to prevent sepsis, and anti-emetics or anti-nausea drugs to combat nausea and vomiting³.

A standard treatment plan will include fluids, antibiotics, anti-nausea medicines, antacids, probiotics, vitamins, and electrolyte supplements. More severe cases could include glucose, tube feeding and as a last resort: blood transfusion⁴.

Prevention of Parvo

Prevention is the best way to protect your pet from parvo. This includes regular vaccinations and good hygiene practices. Puppies should receive a dose of canine parvovirus vaccine between 14 and 16 weeks of age, regardless of how many doses they received earlier, to develop adequate protection¹.

Conclusion

Parvo is a serious disease that can have devastating effects on our pets. However, with proper knowledge and preventative measures, we can protect our pets from this disease. Always consult with a professional if you suspect your pet has been exposed to parvo