Common Cat Diseases

Cats are fiercely independent and sometimes mysterious, making it challenging for pet parents to tell if something is a minor issue or a serious health problem. That’s why it’s crucial to understand the signs and symptoms of the most common cat health issues, like FIV, FeLV, diabetes, and more.

Read on for a closer look at common cat diseases, their symptoms, and treatment options. Remember, if your cat shows any alarming symptoms, contact your veterinarian. This guide is purely for your information and not meant for diagnosing illnesses.

1. Kidney Disease

Kidneys filter waste and regulate blood and water levels. When they don’t function properly, cats can develop acute renal failure or chronic kidney disease. Acute renal failure develops quickly and can be reversed if diagnosed in time, while chronic kidney disease is incurable but manageable.

Causes: Congenital issues, aging, infections, trauma, blockages, or poison ingestion. Symptoms: Frequent urination, weight loss, excessive drinking, dry coat, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody or cloudy urine.

2. Dental Disease

Did you know that up to 90% of cats over four suffer from dental disease? Common issues include gingivitis, periodontitis, and tooth resorption. Most dental problems can be prevented or treated with proper care.

Symptoms:

• Gingivitis: Red, swollen, or bleeding gums.
• Periodontitis: Similar symptoms plus difficulty eating, bad breath, drooling.
• Tooth Resorption: Pain, drooling, turning head while eating, inability to eat.

3. Diabetes

Cats can develop diabetes if they can’t produce enough insulin or respond to it properly. While serious, diabetes can be managed, and some cats even go into remission with the right care.

Symptoms: Weight loss, increased thirst and urination, lethargy, dehydration, appetite changes, sweet-smelling breath.

4. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

FIV weakens a cat’s immune system, making them more susceptible to other infections. It’s often spread through bite wounds, so outdoor cats are at higher risk.

Symptoms: Gingivitis, loss of appetite, poor coat condition, fever, chronic infections.

5. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)

FeLV is a virus that can cause cancer and is spread through bodily fluids. It weakens the immune system and can lead to anemia.

Symptoms: Seizures, neurological disorders, eye conditions, persistent diarrhea, fever, infections, weight loss, appetite loss.

6. Cancer

Lymphoma is the most common cancer in cats, but many types can occur. Routine vet exams are crucial for early detection and better outcomes.

Symptoms: Weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting. Cats with FIV or FeLV are at higher risk.

7. Obesity

If your cat weighs 20% more than their ideal weight, they’re considered obese. Obesity shortens lifespan and increases the risk of diseases.

Risks: Diabetes, joint problems, cancer, heart disease.

8. Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, often accompanied by inflammation in the liver and intestines. The exact cause is unknown, but some cats are more at risk.

Symptoms: Vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, diarrhea.

9. Hyperthyroidism

This condition affects middle-aged and older cats and is usually caused by benign growths on the thyroid gland, increasing its size and hormone production.

Symptoms: Excessive energy, increased appetite, weight loss, restlessness.

10. Broken Bones

Cats can break bones from falls or other accidents. Prompt veterinary attention is necessary to minimize long-term effects.

11. High-Rise Syndrome

Cats are agile, but falls from heights can still cause serious injuries like broken limbs and fractures.

12. Sneezing

An occasional sneeze is normal, but persistent sneezing with other symptoms like lethargy or nasal discharge may indicate a respiratory infection.

13. Diarrhea

Occasional loose stools aren’t always concerning, but persistent diarrhea should be checked by a vet.

14. Vomiting

Common causes include hairballs and eating too fast, but more serious reasons could be at play.

15. Fleas

Fleas are hard to eliminate and can carry diseases. Regular cleaning and prevention products are essential.

16. Tapeworms

These parasites, often carried through fleas, can be seen in feces. While severe issues are rare, vomiting may occur if tapeworms enter the stomach.

17. Eye Problems

Issues like cataracts and glaucoma can be treated if detected early, highlighting the importance of regular vet check-ups.

18. Heartworms

Heartworms are more common in dogs but can affect cats too, causing respiratory issues. Blood tests are needed for diagnosis.

19. Rabies

Cats are the most common domesticated animal affected by rabies in the U.S. Keeping vaccinations up to date is crucial.

20. Ringworm

This fungal infection causes itching and redness and can be treated with medication.

21. Ear Mites

These parasites cause itching and abnormal ear grooming. Treatment involves cleaning and medication.

22. Constipation

Straining while defecating and small, diarrhea-like feces can indicate constipation. Vet attention is needed if symptoms persist.

23. Food Allergies

Common allergens include beef, fish, chicken, and dairy. Symptoms include skin irritation, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting.

24. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Diseases (FLUTD)

FLUTD affects the bladder and urethra, causing pain during urination, blood in urine, and urinating outside the litter box.

By staying aware of these common health issues, you can help your cat live a longer, healthier life. As Amanda Nichols from the UK’s Cat’s Whiskers Veterinary Clinic says, “Ensuring they eat a good quality diet and maintain a healthy weight and body and muscle condition score” is key to longevity.

The Truth About Cat Scratchers: Do They Sharpen or Dull Nails?

Introduction: Cat scratchers are essential for maintaining your cat’s claw health, dispelling common misconceptions that they either sharpen or dull the nails. Instead, these tools help remove the worn outer layers, keeping claws in optimal condition. This article explores the mechanics of cat scratchers, their benefits, and best practices for claw care.

How Cat Scratchers Work: Cat scratchers fulfill a cat’s natural scratching instinct, which is crucial for claw health. Scratching helps peel away the old sheaths of their claws, revealing newer, sharper layers underneath. Without regular scratching, a cat’s claws can become overly sharp and long, leading to discomfort or injury.

Benefits of Cat Scratchers:

Claw Health:

• Assists in shedding aged, worn layers.
• Maintains proper claw length and prevents overgrowth.

Behavioral Benefits:

• Satisfies a cat’s natural urge to scratch.
• Prevents scratching on furniture and other household items.

Claw Maintenance Guidelines:

Provide Scratching Options:

• Ensure scratchers are easily accessible in your home.
• Use multiple scratchers in homes with more than one cat or large spaces.

Material Selection:

• Common materials include sisal, carpet, and cardboard.
• Experiment with different materials to find your cat’s preference.

Strategic Scratcher Placement:

• Install scratchers in your cat’s favorite spots.
• Place them where your cat naturally tends to scratch.

Encouraging Proper Scratching:

• Redirect your cat to appropriate surfaces.
• Avoid discouraging scratching entirely to prevent claw overgrowth.

Regular Claw Care:

• Trim nails regularly to control length.
• Consider professional grooming if necessary.

Do Scratchers Sharpen Cat Claws? Scratchers remove the dull outer layers of the claws, not sharpen them. This process exposes newer, sharper layers, which is a natural part of maintaining claw health and length.

Can Cat Claws Become Dull? Yes, cat claws can become dull over time. Regular use of appropriate scratching surfaces is crucial as it helps shed the old layers, maintaining the claws' sharpness and comfort.

Conclusion:

Cat scratchers are crucial for your cat’s claw health. They help with the natural shedding process rather than sharpening or dulling the claws. Consistent use of scratchers, along with proper nail care, will keep your cat’s claws in excellent condition.

Stay Updated: Subscribe today for more tips and exclusive offers delivered directly to your inbox!